An optical device whose input is natural light and output is some form of polarized light is called a polarizer. The physical mechanisms producing polarization can be dichroism (selective absorption), scattering, reflection or birefringence ( double refraction).
The apparatus and the equipments described in this section help students to understand basics of polarization and its effects along with rules and laws governing the phenomena. The following topics are covered in the chapters ahead.
Polarization by Transmission l Polarization by Reflection l Polarization by Refraction l Polarization by Scattering.
Experimental investigations help students to acquire practical familiarity with the fundamentals of polarization and the wave properties of light.