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Model No: HO-ED-S-04A

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Zeeman effect principally relates numerous branches of physics. This single experiment is equivalent to many experiments. If there are magnetic fields present, the atomic energy levels are split into large number of levels and the spectral lines are split as well. This splitting is called the Zeeman effect.

The heart of the device is a spectrometer with CCD based imaging. The standard accessories include an electromagnet with variable power supply, gauss meter, mercury lamp with power supply, etc..

Zeemen effect, splitting of spectral lines under a magnetic field, has been widely acknowledged to be an important phenomena to be experimented by Physics students. It offers deep understanding in atomic physics and quantum mechanics as well as in optics and spectroscopy. Still, many of our physics courses do not include this experiment due to the difficulty in maintaining the conventional zeemen effect apparatus in a student laboratory.

Holmarc’s new CCD based Zeemen effect apparatus is a timely solution. Our apparatus makes the experiment simple to be performed. Equipment is easy to be maintained. The instrument makes use of green light from a common low pressure mercury lamp with the help of a precision Fabry Perot etalon for performing the experiment. CCD camera along with a computer capture the spectral splitting images from the etalon. A group of students can see the phenomena in real time on computer monitor. Students perform calculations and analysis using the images saved in the computer.

 
Calibrate the magnetic field as a function of current using the Hall probe Gauss meter.
Experiment is to measure the shift of atomic energy levels due to an external magnetic field.
     The results for the energy shifts are compared to theoretical predictions.
Polarization of light emitted with the applied field is studied by use of plane polarizer.
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In this experimental setup, the spectrum produced by atom in the magnetic field is resolved by Fabry-Perot etalon. Fringe width changes in an external magnetic field is noted and e/m ratio can be calculated.

• Determination of electron charge/mass ratio from Zeeman effect and the calculation of energy shift due to the applied magnetic field.

Important Features

Mercury lamp is used as light source. No special and costly light sources like Cadmium lamp required. Zeemen effect from a common and familiar light source helps students to understand the phenomena better.

A CCD camera is used to capture the real time image of spectrum from etalon and can be viewed from a computer monitor. The images saved in the computer at various magnetic fields are used for analysis and calculations.

The equipment is easy to be maintained. All modules and components are locally available.

Modules in the Zeemen Effcet Apparatus
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High power electro-magnet with power supply.
Gauss meter along with sensor.
Mercury lamp.
Mounted filters and ploarizers.
Fabry- Perot etalon.
CCD camera and software.
Rail and carriage based mechanical mounts for all optics.
Notebook computer (optional inclusion)
The apparatus can be used to study normal Zeeman shift of the spectral lines of mercury at λ = 546nm, in fields up to 1.6k Gauss at 10mm gap. The experiment starts with calibration of electromagnet. Thereafter, optical system is aligned to observe the circular fringes on the computer monitor due to the interference of green light from mercury lamp at the FP etalon. As the magnetic field is increased, the splitting can be observed in real time on the monitor. Images at different magnetic fields are saved in the computer for calculations. Bohr magnetron constant and the e/m ratio are determined from the experiment.
A typical image produced by the experiment. This image was taken at 0T on the 546nm line. This image was taken at 1.6T on the 546nm line. Energy level diagram of 7S → 6P transitions
Components Included
The technique employed for studying Zeeman effect in this apparatus is a spectroscopic method with CCD imaging. Fabry-Perot etalon is used for obtaining interference spectra of split wavelengths. As the magnetic field is varied, Zeeman effect in wavelength shift can be observed.
• CCD based spectrometer - single port
• Electromagnet [16T at 10mm air gap]
• Variable heavy duty power supply
• Gas discharge tubes
• High voltage discharge tube power supply
• Fabry-Perot etalon
• Digital gauss meter
 
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