Polarization
Many crystals exhibit birefringence naturally. There are certain crystals which are not birefringent naturally but become birefringent by application of an electric field. This electro-optic phenomenon is called Pockel Effect.
Holmarc manufactures laboratory instrument for studying Pockel effect for Physics and engineering courses as a standard product (Model No: HO-ED-P-05B). In this instrument, a diode laser provides collimated light for the experiment. Lithium niobate is the electro-optic crystal used in the Pockel cell which is arranged between two polarizers. Carriages on an optical rail hold all modules including laser and detector on a straight-line path for the experiment. The spacing between the electrodes can be varied in order to use crystals of different dimensions.
The power supply module of the instrument can apply voltages up to 2 KV across the crystal. Experiment can be done by varying the applied voltage and recording the detector output reading at various voltage levels. The birefringence is increasing function of the applied voltage, so, transmission will be an oscillatory function of the applied voltage.
Experiment
To plot the graph and study the birefringence with respect to applied voltage in an electro optic crystal (Lithium niobate)
The birefringence (Dn) is increasing function of the applied voltage, so that the transmission will be an oscillatory function of the applied voltage.
Dn = λ / П L sin-1 √P ( V ) / P ( V½ )
Dn = Birefringence
P (V½) = Intensity at Half wave voltage
P(V) = Intensity at applied voltage
L = Length of the crystal
λ = Wavelength of Light
Scope of Supply
Model No: ED-P-05B-OR
Length : 1000 mm
Material : Black anodized Aluminum alloy
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-KLM
Material : Black anodized Aluminum alloy
Adjustments : Using 80 tpi lead screws
Adjustment Range : +/-4 degrees
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-PRM
Material : Sheet Polarizer
Rotation : 360 degree
Resolution : 1 degree
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-PPR
Material : Sheet Polarizer
Rotation : 360 degree
Fine Rotation : 15 degree
Resolution : 0.1 degree
Quantity : 2 nos.
Model No: ED-P-05B-DMX
Material : Black anodized Aluminum alloy
Travel : Micrometer controlled
Resolution : 0.01 mm
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-PCM
Electrode Material : Copper
Cavity width : 0 - 6 mm Lead screw control
Cavity size : 30 x 5 x 5 mm
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-EOC
Material : Lithium Niobate (Li NbO3)
Dimension : 25 x 4 x 4 mm
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-SMPS
Input : 230V 50 Hz
Voltage : 0 - 2 KV
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-DLPR
Wave length : 650 nm
Output power : 3 mW
Quantity : 1 no.
Model No: ED-P-05B-DOMU
Sensor Type : Photo Transistor
Display : 7 segment, 3 ½ digit
Range : 0 - 199 milli / micro amperes
Quantity : 1 no.
Instruction Manual
Established in 1993, Holmarc Opto-Mechatronics Ltd manufactures variety of scientific and engineering instruments for research, industry and education.
ISO 9001:2015 Made in INDIA
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sales@holmarc.com
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