Light Beam Induced Current (LBIC) is a valuable tool for defect analysis in solar cells used to measure the spatial distribution of recombination active defects in solar cells. It works by illuminating a laser beam onto a solar cell and measuring the resulting current. The current is higher at locations where there are more recombination defects, so by scanning the laser beam across the solar cell, a map of the defect density can be created.
Our instrument uses three lasers with wavelengths of 405nm, 532nm, and 655nm to measure the spatial distribution of recombination active defects in solar cells. The different wavelengths allow us to probe different depths within the solar cell, which helps us to identify defects that are located at different layer.
LBIC is a well-established method primarily used in the photovoltaic sector for spatially resolved measurements of recombinationactive defects in ready-processed solar cells.
Holmarc Laser Beam Induced Current (LBIC) systems Model : HO-LBIC-3LC provide rapid, high-resolution mapping of the photovoltaic response in solar cells across large areas, from individual cells to entire modules. These systems are ideal for measuring photovoltaic active regions, identifying defects, shunts, inactive areas, and coating errors.
The low-noise design ensures immunity to external light interference, and they are available in both single-wavelength and multiwavelength congurations for testing various photovoltaic responses.
# Breadboard is not in the scope of supply.
Laser Wavelengths | : | 405nm, 532nm and 655nm |
MLL-III-405-50mW, MLL-III-532-50mW & MLL-III-655-50mW | ||
High output power stability, CW, Line width < 0.2 nm, Beam diameter < 1.5mm, Beam divergence < 1.5 mrad, PSU-III-FDA | ||
Tunable output power via control knob & PC Controlled Operation | ||
Laser Spot Size | : | 2μm - 50μm selectable via objective lens |
4 Axis Micromanipulator (XYZ & Tilt) | ||
Model | : | MIM-4A-10 |
4 Travel | : | XYZ 10 mm & +/- 3 degree |
Scanning Area | : | 250 x 250 mm |
Mapping resolution | : | 1 μm |
Absolute positioning accuracy | : | 5 μm |
Construction | : | Aluminium alloy on any rust-free |
Finish | : | Black anodized |
Linear guide | : | Recirculation block and rail |
Drive | : | Rolled ball screw, Pitch 4 mm |
Actuator | : | Stepper motor |
Maximum speed | : | 16 mm / sec |
Limit switch | : | Optical Limit switch on both ends |
Pay-Load | : | 8 Kg |
Controller | : | HOLMARC XYZ Stepper controller Unit with Joystick |
Identifying defects, coating errors, shunts, and photovoltaically inactive regions.
Predicting lifetime, mobility, and defect details.
Determining external quantum effciency (EQE) based on laser power and wavelength
fig. 2μm High resolution scan of solar cell
Current Rating : 1 Amp
Voltage Rating : Based on placement distance
Operating Temperature : -40ºC to +125ºC
Contact Material : Brass
Contact Plating : Gold over Nickel
320 - 1600 nm
Wavelength Operation
Holmarc also provides an integrated monochromator system for continuous wavelength measurements spanning from 320 nm to 1600 nm
Source Meter : Keithley 2450SMU Instrument
Voltage - Ranges : 20 mV - 200 V depending on the selected voltage range
Current - Ranges : 10 nA - 1 A depending on the selected current range
0.012 % Basic Accuracy
Wideband Noise : 2 mVrms Typ
Sweep Types : Linear, Log, Dual Linear, Dual Log, Custom
Source-Memory (SCPI 2400 Mode)
> 2,50,000 Point Reading Buffer
> 3000 Readings / Second
SCPI (2400 + 2450) + TSP Programming
GPIB, USB, Ethernet (LXI)
Front : Banana Jacks, Rear: Triax
20MP CMOS for Imaging
Sensor model : Sony
Quantum efficiency : 84% @ 535 nm
Resolution : 5472 (H) x 3648 (V)
Pixel size : 2.40 m x 2.40 m
Sensor size : 15.86 mm; 1 inch
Shutter mode : Rolling
Frame rate : 14fps @ 5472 x 3648, 53fps @ 2736 x 1824, 67fps @ 1824 x 1216
Binning : 2 x 2, 3 x 3, 4 x 4
Exposure settings : Auto/Manual
Picture format : JPG / PNG / TIFF / DICOM
Data interface : USB 3.0
Bit depth : 16 bit / 8 bit
Power supply : 12V
Real-Time Photoluminescence (PL) Measurement / Mapping System
Photoluminescence spectroscopy offers valuable insights into the electronically excited states of molecules and substances following light absorption.
Holmarc provides various accessories for photoluminescence (PL) detection and mapping. In parallel, Light Beam Induced Current (LBIC) helps identify defects in solar cells. By combining these techniques, we enhance our understanding of photovoltaic materials and their behavior.
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